Aeroplane.



F. S. STIRTON.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28,1915.

Patented Mar. 11,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- F. S. STIRTON.

AEROPLANE.

APPLlCATlON FILED JULY 28.1915.

1,297,032. Pfiented Mar. 11,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- FRANK S. S'JTIB'JKJN', OF SPRINGFIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA.

AEBOPLAN E.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar; 11, 1919,

Application filed July 28, 1915. Serial No. 42,463.

able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to an aeroplane. Anobject of the invention resides in the provision of a biplane which will be pro- .pelled by a suitable propeller located in front of the main planes.

A further object of the invention resides in so constructing the main planes that they will assist in balancing the machine.

A further object of the invention resides in locating the elevating plane to the rear of the main planes and the operators seat between the elevating plane and the main lanes.

With these and other objects in View, such as will appear as the description progresses, my invention comprises the combination and arrangement of parts as set forth in and falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Referring to the drawing:

Figure 1 is a plan view of my device.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof.

Fig. 3 is a section on line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is afragmental detail showing the relation of the jibs and ailerons to the main planes.

Fig. 5 is a fragmental detail of the elevating plane.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail of the steering mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a detail of the wheels and skids.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevatlon of the steering mechanism.

Referring to the drawing wherem like parts are indicated by like characters throughout the several views:

In the embodiment of my invention shown in the drawing, I have "disclosed a biplane which consists of upper and lower planes 1 and 2, respectively, which are held in spaced relation by stanchions 3. Each of these planes is inclined upwardly from a point midway between its ends to the ends thereof as clearly shown in Fig. 20f the drawing. The forming ofthese planes in this elevating plane.

The axle of manner adds greatly to the stability of the machine.

A frame is provided which consists of a pair of upper bars 4 and a pair of lower bars 5 which extend forwardly and rearw'ardly of the main planes and converge both forwardly and rearwardly. This frame is secured to certain of the intermediate stanchions 3 and is braced by suitable rectangular supports (5. Mounted on the forward end of this frame is a propeller 7 which is located in front of the main planes. Mounted on the rear end of the frame is an elevating plane 8 which is pivoted, as at 9, to the frame and is provided with a vertical plane 10 which extends above and below the said Between the ends of the main planes and pivotally mounted between two of the rear stanchions 3 are ailerons 11 which are movable on a horizontal pivot. Pivotally mounted on one of the stanchions 3 at each end of the main planes and at the forward side thereof is a vertically extending jib 12 which is in substantial alinement with the inner ends of the ailerons. These ji'bs are joined together by a bar 13 which extends from one to the other and is pivoted thereto at 14. These jibs extend. between the main. planes and slightly forwardly there from.

In order that the elevating plane 8 may I be controlled from the operators seat 15 which is located in the frame between the elevating plane and the main planes, I have provided a steering rod 16 which is pivoted on a support 17. Connected to the elevating plane 8, at 18, are wires 19 which extend forwardly and are secured to the steering rod 16 so that upon the forward or rearward movement of the steering red the elevating plane will be raised or lowered. This steering rod is operable in a guide 20.

In order that the ailerons may be controlled, I have mounted pulleys 21 above the same on the main planes, over which pulleys controlling .wires 23 extend which also extend over pulleys 24 on the intermediate stanchions 3. .These Wires extend around these pulleys and rearwardly and are connected .to pedals 25 which are pivotally mounted on the support 17 and may be engaged by the feet of the operator and actuated to control the ailerons so that upon movement of the same the ailerons will be swung about their pivots, simultaneously. the pedals 25 passes through the support It? and serves as a pivot for the post 16 which vertically swings thereon.

.lfixtending between and connected to the ailerons is a wire 23 which passes around pulleys 22 so that when one aileron is raised the other will be lowered.

in order that the machine may be steered by controlling the movement of the ibs, 1 have connected wvires 26 to the same which extend around pulleys '27 on the intermediate stanrhions, around pulleys 28 on the support 17 and around a steering wheel 29 on the upper end of the rod 16. Thus by turning the wheel the jibs may be turned about their pivots, by turning the pedals the ailerons may be controlled and by moving the steering rod forwardly or rearwardly the elevating plane may be controlled.

In order that the machine may be sup ported when upon the ground and the shock incident to the alighting absorbed. l have extended certain of the stauohions below the lowermost main plane 2 and have mounted on the ends thereof skids 30. U11 each side of each of these skids is a nvheel 31 which is resiliently mounted upon the skid by means of a coil spring 32 sothat when the machine alights the springs will take up the shock. A similar skid 33 is mounted adjacent the rear end of the frame and on each side of this skid is a wheel 3% which is mounted on the skid, resiliently, by means of a spring 35.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that I have located the propeller of the machine in front of the main plane so that it will pull the machine through the air. I have also provided a vertical plane on the main elevating plane which .willprevent the rear of the machine from skidding laterally,

and l have also provided ailerons for keeping the machine in lateral balance and for increasing the stability of the machine. Furthermore I have provided jibs by means of which the machine may be steered and I have so located the operators seat that it will be disposed to the rear of the main planes.

While I have illustrated and described a particular embodiment of my invention, 1 have merely done so for the sake of convenience and it do not wish to be limited to that particular embodiment as it is obvious that numerous changes may be made within the details of construction thereof without in any way departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is 1. In a biplane, the combination .with a pair of spaced main planes, of a frame extending transversely thereof, an elevating eer/pea plane on the rear of said frame, ailerons and jibs disposed between the ends of the main planes, a support mounted on the frame, a vertically swinging steering post mounted on the support, a steering wheel on the post, a pair of pedals on the support and forming a pivot for the post, wires extending from the elevating plane to the post and connected thereto, on opposite sides of its pivot, wires extending from the ailerons to the pedals and additional controlling wires extending from the jibs to the said steering wheel.

2. in an aeroplane, a frame having upper and lower main planes, vertically swinging ailerons supported between said main planes and projecting beyond the rear edges there of, vertically swinging elevating planes at the other end of said frame, a vertical plane between the elevating planes, horizontally movable jibs in said frame between the main planes, forwardly of and at the inner ends' of the ailerons, and projected beyond the front ends of said main planes, and mechanism for operating the ailerons, elevating planes, and jibs independently of each other.

3. ln an'aeroplane, a frame having sus raining planes, horizontally and vertically movable stabilizing planes between the sustaining planes, elevating planes on said frame. a support in said frame, a vertically swinging post, pedals having an axle pivotally mounting the post on the support, a steering uvheel mounted on the post and having adrum, a cable connected with the drum and the vertical stabilizing planes, connections between the pedals and the horizontal stabilizing planes, and connections between the post on opposite sides the elevating planes.

4. An aeroplane including a frame having sustaining planes, horizontal and vertical stabilizing planes mounted between the sus taining planes, a support mounted on the frame, an arcuate guide carried by the support, a vertical pivoted lever mounted on the support and between the guides, pedals forming a part of the pivot of the lever, a steering wheel and drum mounted on the upper end of the lever, and cables connected respectively to the drum and vertical stabilizing planes. to the pedals and horizontal stabilizing planes, an elevating plane at the of its pivot and rear of the frame, and cables connected to the lever and to the elevating plane.

In testimony whereof, ll afiix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

raam'r s. srrnrori.

Witnesses M. M. BLACK, J. M. GRANT. 

